Boiling Point Of Water At Different Pressures Calculator

Boiling Point Equation:

\[ T_b = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{T_0} - \frac{R}{\Delta H_{vap}} \ln \left( \frac{P}{P_0} \right)} \]

Boiling Point (T_b):

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1. What is the Boiling Point Equation?

The boiling point equation calculates the boiling temperature of water at different pressures using the Clausius-Clapeyron relation. It shows how boiling point decreases with decreasing pressure and increases with increasing pressure.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the boiling point equation:

\[ T_b = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{T_0} - \frac{R}{\Delta H_{vap}} \ln \left( \frac{P}{P_0} \right)} \]

Where:

\( T_b \) — Boiling point at given pressure (K)
\( T_0 \) — Standard boiling point (373.15 K)
\( R \) — Gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
\( \Delta H_{vap} \) — Enthalpy of vaporization (40650 J/mol)
\( P \) — Given pressure (Pa)
\( P_0 \) — Standard pressure (101325 Pa)

Explanation: The equation accounts for the relationship between vapor pressure and temperature, derived from thermodynamic principles.

3. Importance of Boiling Point Calculation

Details: Accurate boiling point calculation is crucial for various applications including cooking at high altitudes, industrial processes, chemical engineering, and scientific research where pressure conditions vary.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pressure in Pascals (Pa). The value must be valid (pressure > 0). The calculator will compute the corresponding boiling point of water in Kelvin.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does boiling point change with pressure?
A: Boiling occurs when vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure. Lower pressure means water molecules need less energy to escape, thus boiling at lower temperatures.

Q2: What is the standard boiling point of water?
A: At standard atmospheric pressure (101325 Pa), water boils at 100°C (373.15 K).

Q3: How does altitude affect boiling point?
A: At higher altitudes, atmospheric pressure decreases, causing water to boil at lower temperatures. This affects cooking times and methods.

Q4: Can this equation be used for other liquids?
A: The same principle applies, but different liquids have different \( \Delta H_{vap} \) values and standard boiling points that must be used in the equation.

Q5: What are practical applications of this calculation?
A: Used in pressure cookers, high-altitude cooking adjustments, industrial distillation processes, and scientific experiments involving phase changes.