Calculate The Boiling Point Elevation For A Solution Prepared By Adding 10g Of Urea

Boiling Point Elevation Formula:

\[ \Delta T_b = i K_b \left( \frac{10 / M}{W} \right) \]

Boiling Point Elevation (ΔT_b):

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1. What Is Boiling Point Elevation?

Boiling point elevation is a colligative property that describes how the boiling point of a solvent increases when a non-volatile solute is added. The extent of boiling point elevation depends on the concentration of solute particles in the solution.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the boiling point elevation formula:

\[ \Delta T_b = i K_b \left( \frac{10 / M}{W} \right) \]

Where:

\( \Delta T_b \) — Boiling point elevation (°C)
\( i \) — van't Hoff factor (1 for urea)
\( K_b \) — Boiling point elevation constant (°C kg/mol)
\( M \) — Molar mass of urea (60 g/mol)
\( W \) — Mass of solvent (kg)

Explanation: This equation calculates how much the boiling point increases when 10g of urea is dissolved in a given mass of solvent.

3. Importance Of Boiling Point Elevation

Details: Understanding boiling point elevation is crucial in various applications including cooking, industrial processes, pharmaceutical formulations, and determining molecular weights of unknown compounds.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter the boiling point elevation constant (K_b) for your solvent and the mass of solvent in kilograms. Common K_b values: water (0.512 °C kg/mol), ethanol (1.22 °C kg/mol), benzene (2.53 °C kg/mol).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is urea used in this calculation?
A: Urea is a common non-volatile solute that doesn't dissociate in solution (i=1), making it ideal for demonstrating colligative properties.

Q2: What is the van't Hoff factor?
A: The van't Hoff factor (i) represents the number of particles a solute dissociates into in solution. For non-electrolytes like urea, i=1.

Q3: How does solvent mass affect boiling point elevation?
A: The boiling point elevation is inversely proportional to the mass of solvent - more solvent means less concentration and therefore less boiling point elevation.

Q4: Can this calculator be used for other solutes?
A: This specific calculator is designed for 10g of urea. For other solutes, you would need to adjust the mass and van't Hoff factor accordingly.

Q5: Why is boiling point elevation important in real-world applications?
A: It's used in antifreeze formulations, food processing, and determining molecular weights of unknown compounds through ebullioscopy.